Tuesday, January 10, 2023

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

 Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

(Rat anti dermatitis factor)

Introduction

In 1934 Györgyi observed that an extract of yeast cured dermatitis in rats which was not curable with other members of B vitamins and isolated from natural sources in 1938. Stiller and others characterised its structure in 1939. It is a pyridine derivative which was synthesized in 1999 by Harris et al and by Kuhn and others.

Chemistry

Two allied compounds of pyridoxine, pyridoxal (natural) and pyridexamine (synthetic) have the same action.

All the three varieties are known as vitamin B5. Pyridoxal phosphate is the active form.

Properties

·        white, crystal

·        soluble in water

·        heat stable in both acidic and alkaline solutions

Distribution

Animal sources

·        Liver

·        egg yolk

·        meat

·        milk

Vegetable sources

·        Germs of various grains

·        seeds

·        leafy vegetables

·        yeast

Functions

(1) To takes part in normal tryptophan metabolism.

(2) Pyridoxal phosphate also acts as co enzyme for the some enzymes like transaminase or amino transferase, Decarboxylases, deaminase etc.

(3) Pyridoxal phosphate is related to the formation of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.

(4) Helps in the synthesis of fats from proteins and carbohydrates.

(5) It plays part in the inter conversion of serine and glycine in presence of tetrahydrofolic acid also.

(6) Helps in transulphurase and thionase reactions converting homocysteine and cystathionine to cysteine.

(7) The coenzyme is required in the synthesis of δ-amino levulinic acid-an intermediate in porphyrin synthesis.

(8) Pyridoxal phosphate is an essential component of phosphorylase.

Deficiency signs

·        Peculiar dermatitis (acrodynia)

·        reduced growth

·        degeneration of the nerves

·        reproductive failure  

·        hypochromic microcytic anaemia

·        weakness of muscles  

·        convulsive seizures

Daily requirement

In infants 0.3 mg and in adults 2 mg per day,

No comments:

Post a Comment